PART II: FASTER THAN LIGHT!?

Because of Einstein’s theory of relativity we have been told that nothing can go faster than light and his equation E=mc² will cause mass to increase infinitely as it approaches the speed of light. While any physicist will tell you this is true it is strictly a mathematical concept and has nothing to do with reality.


To understand this we must understand the mathematical concepts of zero and infinity. They are strictly mathematical contrivances designed by mathematicians for the purpose of explaining things in mathematics that could not be explained otherwise. They do serve an express purpose in mathematics but have a limited function in reality.

In mathematics one is told that zero is equal to nothing, but this is not true. It is equal to none not nothing. It is used in mathematics as a starting reference point. Everything has to start somewhere. And before you can have one of anything you must have none. In the number line it would be difficult to explain how you can go from ...-3, -2,-1, to 1, 2, 3… without a demarcation in between, a point of reference, a separation from the positive and the negative. Ancient mathematicians had this problem of representing what they had before they had one of anything. It was the Persians that invented the concept of zero to represent none of anything. It did not mean that something of anything did not exist but that you had none of anything until you had one of something. Therefore the number line became …-3.-2,-1, 0, 1, 2, 3…; a mirror of itself with zero as a reference starting point dividing the positive from the negative.

The concept of infinity, the opposite of zero, also was a mathematical convention in order to assist mathematicians, but in the real world everything has a beginning and an ending point. So in fact, infinity only exists in the mathematician’s world. To demonstrate the truth you only have to understand that infinity, in mathematics, exists between every number. You can write .99999999999…ad infinitum(to infinity, ironic) without ever reaching 1, or you can write ….00000000000001, ad infinitum, without ever reaching zero. Infinity was simply the answer to the ancient Greek Zeno’s question of taking half the distance to the wall infinitely without ever reaching the wall. In fact, in mathematics you can make 1 equal to 0.99999… Let say X = .9999…; therefore 10X = 9.99999… So if we minus X from 10X we have 9X equal 9. Thus X = 1.

What does all this have to do with going faster than light? Einstein’s conclusion is based upon an unproven premise of reality. In fact, Newton’s kinetic energy equation, E = (mv²)/2, allows for unlimited velocities for mass. And actually the unified field equation, first written and published in 1834 by Sir William Rowan Hamilton, although it is not recognized as such, also allows such velocities for mass. The Hamiltonian, as it is now called, simply states that the total energy of any system was equal to the total potential energy, mc², of a system plus the total kinetic energy, (mv²)/2, of a system, in this case any system meaning any mass, or simply, E = (mc²)+(mv²)/2.
Hence, it takes enormous amounts of energy to exceed the velocity of light, but it can be done. If we allow v to equal nc, where n is equal to any partial or whole number times the speed of light c, then our equation reduces to; E = [(2+n²)/2]mc².

Hamilton wrote his formula in response to Newton’s laws of motion and Bernoulli’s fluid dynamics, but any physicist should be able to reason it out by simple logic that this is the unified theory for any field. Einstein demonstrates in his general theory how the Hamiltonian fits in, but since Einstein has already fudged his equations this is a forced fit. It does not follow as a natural outcome or a natural derivative.

If Einstein had simply removed the observer from his paper in 1905, DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND ON ITS ENERGY CONTENT, this equation should have been a natural derivative using any arbitrary point in space, such as the center of gravity. In his 1911 paper; ON THE INFLUENCE OF GRAVITATION ON THE PROPAGATION OF LIGHT, if he had simply chose Descartes’ concept of space being an extension of mass and that space contracts with respect to motion this would also have been the natural derivative. But both of these concepts were in violation of his fundamental premises that nothing could go faster than light, so we are still bogged down in this quagmire of reasoning.

If one reads the original paper on relativity; (ON THE ELECTRODYNAMICS OF MOVING BODIES); at the end of the paper Einstein states that a ponderable mass will not exceed the velocity of light because you can make it a giant electron simply by adding a negative charge to it no matter how small.  This however does not explain what happens to neutral mass if it remains neutral, and you can make it a neutral mass simply by adding a proton with a positive charge and nullifying the negative charge.  In fact, it is the neutrons of the atom, the particles of 0 or neutral charge, they use to make the atomic bomb explode.  Neutrons are not deflected by a magnetic field as electrons and protons are.  This allows them to surge right through the outer shells of any atom and strike the nucleus releasing all that energy.

While modern scientists would have us believe that mass increases infinitely as it approaches the speed of light because of Einstein’s E=mc², this is not true.  It is only Newton’s law of kinetic energy, E=mv²/2, that covers neutral mass.  In Newton’s equation the mass can remain constant and the velocity increases infinitely.  The only way to describe the total concept of energy was first published in 1834 by Sir William Rowan Hamilton.  He stated simply that the total energy of any system, if we can consider any mass a total system, is by adding its total potential energy, E=mc², and its total kinetic energy, E=mv²/2, or simply mc²+mv²/2=E_T.  This is the unified field equation, and it allows for velocities much greater than the speed of light.

Addendum: Last year in March of 2011 the OPERA collaboration actually sent muon neutrinos from CERN near Geneva, Switzerland to the Grand Sasso National Laboratory in Italy at a velocity greater than light. They did this by stripping away all the charges associated with the muons and allowing only the neutral neutrinos to pass. These are neutral particles. These laboratories were 730 kilometers or 454 miles apart. The neutrinos traveled at about a factor of 2.48 x 10^-5 times faster than the speed of light, or 2.997998928529584 x 10⁸ versus 2.99792458 x 10⁸ meters per second. They published their paper in September of 2011. This experiment yet has to be duplicated by other laboratories, but it has the physics world in an uproar and very upset.

To give a little perspective to those unacquainted with these concepts I will try to explain. The neutrinos arrived 60 nanoseconds before expected. Light travels at about 11 inches in one nanosecond. So this is equivalent to 660 inches or 55 feet, the height of a five story building. This is quite significant.

Post Addendum: Since this discovery physicists around the world have sought to disclaim it fearing their concept of the universe was coming to an end. In the combing over the results with a fine tooth comb some technicians found a loose wire in the GPS unit that was used in the experiment. Physicists cried a sigh of relief and said when figuring the margin of error from this loose wire the experiment comes into parameters with relativity. However one technician said they must retest because the loose wire could have given results too low. So there still exists a dilemma as to whether the results of the OPERA collaboration are valid or not. My guess is that when they retest they may find results even higher, just my opinion though.